Fly protection for horses: The best tips for pasture, stable & ride

Why is fly protection so important for horses?

As temperatures rise, the peak season for flies, horseflies and mosquitoes begins - and with it a real challenge for horses. The insects are not only annoying, but can also cause serious health problems. While flies buzz tirelessly around eyes, nostrils and wounds, transmitting germs, horseflies leave painful bite wounds that not only itch a lot, but can also trigger allergic reactions. Mosquitoes are also particularly problematic, playing a central role in the development of summer eczema. The saliva of these insects can cause an allergic reaction in sensitive horses, leading to severe itching, hair loss and open skin areas - a vicious circle that puts a huge strain on the affected horse.

➡️ Video tip: Insect management with Hope Glynn - How to protect your horse! In the USEF Learning Center powered by ClipMyHorse.TV, Hope Hobday Glynn explains how you can keep insects away with clever stable management, optimal waste disposal and targeted measures such as fly stoppers and traps - for a relaxed stable atmosphere!

But it's not just the skin that suffers from the insect plague - the horses' behavior can also change. The constant stress caused by flies and the like causes many horses to become restless, bang their heads or scratch themselves constantly. This can not only disrupt rest periods, but also affect feed intake. Horses that can hardly concentrate on eating often eat less, which can lead to weight loss or digestive problems. Insects are also a danger when riding: if a horse is bitten by a horsefly, it can suddenly run off or react in a panic - a significant risk for both horse and rider.

So well thought-out fly protection is much more than just a comfort measure - it is essential to keep horses healthy, relaxed and productive in the warmer seasons. In the next section you will find out which insects pose the greatest threat and how you can effectively protect your horse.

Which insects pose the greatest threat to horses?

As soon as the temperatures rise, horses are no longer alone in the pasture - flies, horseflies and mosquitoes become constant companions. But these pests are not only annoying, they can also transmit diseases, trigger allergic reactions and severely impair the horse's well-being. The risks they pose vary depending on the type of insect.

Horseflies – the blood-sucking pests

Horseflies are among the most aggressive insects that bother horses in summer. Unlike mosquitoes, they do not sting, but rather scratch the skin with their sharp mouthparts to get to the blood. This makes their bites not only particularly painful, but also dangerous: pathogens and bacteria can enter the organism through the open wound. Many horses also have an allergic reaction to the horseflies' saliva, which can lead to severe swelling and inflamed skin.

Horse flies are particularly active on hot, humid days and near bodies of water, where they prefer to stay. Their bites are not only unpleasant, but can also send horses into a panic. A horse suddenly galloping or violent defensive reactions while riding can quickly become dangerous.

Flies – not only annoying, but also carriers of disease

Flies are omnipresent - and often underestimated. They prefer to settle on eyes, nostrils or wounds and can transmit bacteria and pathogens. Eye flies are particularly problematic, as they ingest tear fluid and can cause conjunctivitis. Open wounds are also a popular target, which increases the risk of infection.

Another problem: botflies , whose larvae mature in the horse. They lay their eggs on the horse's fur, which the horse ingests by licking or rubbing. These develop into larvae in the digestive tract, which can damage the stomach lining and lead to digestive problems.

The constant nuisance from flies can also lead to ongoing stress. Horses become restless, swish their tails or constantly stamp their hooves - a clear sign of severe insect infestation.

Mosquitoes – underestimated danger for horses with eczema

Mosquitoes may be small, but their impact can be enormous - especially for horses suffering from sweet itch . The allergic reaction to the saliva of certain species of mosquito, especially the black fly, causes extreme itching. Horses often rub themselves to the point of breaking their skin, resulting in open, inflamed areas that are difficult to heal.

In addition to the danger to people with eczema, mosquitoes can also transmit diseases. In some regions, mosquito bites spread viruses and bacteria that can cause serious infections.

Mosquitoes are particularly active at dusk, which is why grazing horses are particularly exposed to high levels of mosquitoes in the mornings and evenings. They are also attracted to damp areas, standing water or swampy meadows.

Fly protection in the pasture - this is how your horse stays protected!

To ensure that horses can eat, rest and move around in a relaxed manner without being disturbed, effective fly protection is essential in the pasture. In addition to a well-thought-out pasture design, specially developed fly sheets , eczema blankets and fly masks help to protect horses from these annoying pests.

Pasture management: The right location and care of the area

The basis for effective fly protection begins with pasture care. Flies, horseflies and mosquitoes prefer moist, shady areas as well as manure and water sources as breeding grounds. A well-maintained pasture can significantly reduce the number of insects.

Fly sheets & eczema blankets: When are they useful?

In addition to pasture care, fly rugs and eczema rugs are among the most effective protective measures. However, depending on the horse's needs and sensitivity, there are big differences between the models.

➡️ Video tip: Fly sheets in use – How to protect your horse optimally! In the USEF Learning Center powered by ClipMyHorse.TV, Hope Hobday Glynn shows how fly sheets, masks and gaiters protect your horse from annoying insects and what you should look out for when choosing.

Fly sheets – protection against flies and horseflies

Fly sheets for horses are made of light, breathable fabric and prevent flies, horseflies or mosquitoes from coming into direct contact with the skin. They are a sensible alternative to insect sprays, especially on hot days, as they provide the horse with mechanical protection without putting additional strain on the skin.

What types of fly sheets are there?

• Standard fly sheet for horses: A light, large-area protection against flies and horseflies.
• Fly sheet with neck part: additionally protects the sensitive neck area.
• Fly sheet with belly flap: Ideal for horses that are particularly susceptible to horsefly bites on their stomachs.
• Fly riding blanket for horses: Specially developed for riding to protect the horse from insects while on the move.
• Riding fly sheet: A variant that is optimized for long rides and fits tightly without restricting freedom of movement.

Fly sheets are ideal for horses that are sensitive to flies or who can no longer relax due to the constant nuisance.

Eczema blankets – protection for sensitive horses

Horses suffering from summer eczema require particularly comprehensive protection. An eczema blanket for horses prevents direct contact between skin and insects, which can prevent allergic reactions to mosquito bites.

When is an eczema blanket useful?

• For horses that are allergic to mosquito bites
• In regions with high mosquito infestation
• For horses with sensitive skin or existing skin irritations

What eczema blankets are there?

• Eczema blanket with headrest: Provides additional protection for the neck and head area.
• Eczema blanket for cold-blooded horses or ponies: Available in special sizes to ensure an optimal fit.
• Eczema blanket with belly flap: Provides additional protection for the sensitive abdominal region.
• Plera eczema blanket: A high-quality model with a particularly tight-meshed fabric.

Difference between fly sheet and eczema blanket:

• Fly sheets are lighter and primarily protect against flies and horseflies.
• Eczema blankets are more densely woven and are specially designed for horses with allergic reactions to mosquito bites.

Fly masks with ear protection & nose protection

Flies, horseflies and mosquitoes particularly bother horses in the head area. A fly mask for horses protects the eyes, ears and nostrils, prevents infections and reduces stress caused by constant head banging.

When is a fly mask useful?

• In case of high fly load in the eye and ear area
• For the prevention of conjunctivitis
• When riding, so as not to impair the horse's concentration

What types of fly masks are there?

• Fly mask horse UV protection: Offers additional protection from the sun's rays.
• Fly mask with ear protection: Particularly suitable for horses that are sensitive to insects in their ears.
• Fly mask with nose protection: Prevents flies and dust from getting into the nostrils.
• Fly mask for riding: A thinner, tight-fitting version that can be worn under the bridle.
• Fly mask with fringes: Natural protection through movable fringes that repel flies.

High-quality models offer additional comfort and durability.

The right protection for every horse

Effective fly protection on pastures consists of several measures:

• pasture management to minimize insect sources
• Fly sheets or eczema blankets , depending on the needs of the horse
• Fly masks to protect sensitive facial areas

Through a combination of these protective measures, the horse remains relaxed and healthy even in the warm season.

Fly protection in the stable - what you can do

Flies and other insects can become a real nuisance not only in the pasture, but also in the stable. Fly populations multiply explosively, especially in the summer months when heat and humidity build up. Well-thought-out stable management helps to reduce the number of insects and provide the horses with a calmer environment.

➡️ In the video: Insect management in the stable – cleanliness is key! In the USEF Learning Center powered by ClipMyHorse.TV you will learn how targeted manure disposal, water source control and the use of fly traps help to effectively prevent insect infestation in the stable.

Stable hygiene: cleanliness as the key to success

Consistent stable hygiene is the most important measure to keep flies away. Flies are particularly attracted to manure, leftover feed and damp areas, which provide ideal breeding conditions.

• Daily mucking out : Manure should be removed from the boxes at least once, preferably twice a day. Manure in paddocks or open stables should also be removed regularly.
• Manure and dung storage : Manure should be stored outside the stable area and regularly removed or covered to prevent flies from laying eggs.
• Dispose of leftover food : Particularly moist food such as mash or soaked rations should not be left out in the open as it ferments quickly and attracts insects.
• Keep water troughs and water buckets clean : Standing water is a breeding ground for mosquito larvae. Water troughs should be cleaned and emptied regularly.

Using fly traps & natural enemies

Mechanical and biological methods can help reduce the number of flies in the stable. A combination of different measures should be used to achieve the best results.

Fly traps can be placed in boxes, pens or feeding stations to catch the insects. UV light traps are particularly effective as they attract flies and eliminate them reliably. Parasitic wasps are a useful measure for reducing the fly population in the long term. These beneficial insects lay their eggs in fly larvae and thus prevent them from developing.

Ventilation & lighting conditions: How to keep pests away

A well-ventilated stable is not only important for the stable climate, but can also help to reduce the fly infestation.

• Ensure adequate air circulation : Open windows, drafts and fans make it difficult for flies to settle.
• Optimize lighting conditions : Flies avoid dark areas. If possible, windows should be darkened or fitted with fly screens to make it more difficult for insects to enter.
• Natural fly repelling through air currents : Windy areas are unpleasant for flies, so fans or air vents can be used specifically.

In combination with stable hygiene and targeted control measures, good air and light regulation ensures that flies do not become a nuisance in the first place.

A well thought-out fly protection system in the stable consists of several components. Cleanliness is the most important factor, supplemented by mechanical methods such as fly traps and biological solutions such as beneficial insects. Good air circulation and targeted light control also help to effectively reduce flies.

Fly protection when riding - relaxed on the go

When riding, flies, horseflies and mosquitoes can be extremely annoying for both horse and rider. Effective fly protection is therefore essential to ensure a relaxed ride. Below we present various protective measures that can be used when riding.

Fly riding blankets - protection when riding

Fly riding rugs are specially designed for use while riding. They are made of light, breathable material and protect the horse from annoying insects without restricting freedom of movement.

Advantages of fly riding blankets:

• Comprehensive protection: Covers most of the horse's body and thus prevents insect bites.
• Freedom of movement: Special cut allows unrestricted movements while riding.
• Fastening: Can be easily attached under the saddle or to the bridle.

Recommended models:

• Standard fly sheet: Provides basic protection for the back and flanks.
• Fly riding blanket with neck part: additionally protects the neck area from insects.
• Fly riding blanket with belly flap: Also covers the sensitive belly region.

When choosing a fly riding rug, you should pay attention to a good fit and high-quality materials to ensure optimal protection and comfort for the horse.

Fly sprays for horses - which active ingredients help?

Fly sprays are an effective way to protect horses from insects. They act either as a repellent, which repels insects, or as an insecticide, which kills insects. Choosing the right spray depends on several factors, including the horse's sensitivity and the intensity of the insect infestation.

➡️ Video tip: Afraid of spray bottles? This is how you can take away your horse's fear! Find out how you can gently get your horse used to spray bottles and convince him step by step that spraying is completely harmless - for relaxed grooming and fly spray moments!

Common active ingredients in fly sprays:

• Icaridin: Known for its good skin tolerance and effectiveness against a wide range of insects.
• DEET (diethyltoluamide): Very effective, but controversial due to possible side effects.
• Pyrethrins: Natural active ingredient from chrysanthemums, acts as an insecticide.
• Permethrin: Synthetic insecticide, very effective, but not suitable for all animals.

Selection of fly sprays for horses:

When using fly sprays, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions and apply the spray evenly to the fur, but avoid the eyes and mucous membranes. Special gels or roll-ons can be used for sensitive areas such as the head.

Mosquito Repellent for Horse and Rider

Not only horses, but also riders are exposed to attacks from mosquitoes and other insects during a ride. Effective mosquito protection for both is therefore recommended.

Tips for mosquito protection:

For the horse:

• Fly sprays: Use before riding to keep mosquitoes away.
• Fly masks: Protect the horse’s head area from insects.
• Fly riding rugs: Provide comprehensive protection while riding.

For the rider:

• Insect sprays: Apply to skin and clothing to prevent mosquito bites.
• Long clothing: Light, long-sleeved shirts and pants provide physical protection.
• Bright colors: Mosquitoes are less attracted to bright colors.

By combining these measures, both horse and rider can enjoy the ride without annoying insects.

Which natural remedies help against insects?

Not every horse owner wants to rely on chemical fly repellents. Particularly sensitive horses react sensitively to certain ingredients in sprays or creams. Fortunately, there are a variety of natural alternatives that can help keep insects away. From essential oils and herbs to home remedies such as apple cider vinegar or garlic - some of these methods have proven to be quite effective.

Essential oils & herbs – which ones really work?

Essential oils are known for their insect repellent properties. They contain fragrances that repel flies, mosquitoes and horseflies. In combination with a carrier oil or diluted water, they can be applied to the horse's coat as a natural fly repellent .

Effective essential oils against flies:

• Lavender oil: Has a calming effect and keeps insects away.
• Tea tree oil: repels flies and horseflies, but not suitable for sensitive horses.
• Lemongrass oil: Known for its powerful insect repellent properties.
• Eucalyptus oil: Helps against flies and also has a pleasant cooling effect.
• Clove oil: Particularly effective against mosquitoes and horseflies.

• Garlic: Can help change the horse's skin perspiration, keeping flies away.
• Black cumin: Has an immune-boosting and insect-repellent effect.
• Cistus: Often used in feeding to make the horse less attractive to insects.

Home remedies: apple cider vinegar, garlic & Co.

In addition to essential oils, there are some tried and tested home remedies that have been established as natural insect repellents.

💡 Attention: Not all home remedies are suitable for every horse. Before use, you should test whether the horse is sensitive to certain ingredients.

DIY fly spray for horses – natural protection against flies & horseflies

How can you make your own fly spray for horses? A homemade fly spray is a natural alternative to commercial products and can be individually adapted to the needs of the horse. Here is a simple but effective recipe that can be made with just a few ingredients.

Application:

• Spray the fly spray evenly onto the fur from a distance of approx. 30 cm, avoiding the head and eye area.
• For the sensitive head area, the spray can be put on a cloth and carefully distributed.
• Apply before riding or grazing and refresh as needed.

💡 Tip: This spray is water-based and does not last as long as synthetic insect sprays. On hot days it should be renewed several times a day.

Some horses are sensitive to essential oils. Before using the spray for the first time, test it on a small area of skin. If redness or itching occurs, stop using it immediately.

With this DIY fly spray you can do without chemical additives without sacrificing effective protection.

The best fly protection for your horse

Effective fly protection is based on a combination of different measures. There is no single solution that completely gets rid of flies, horseflies and mosquitoes - rather, a holistic strategy is crucial.

Preventive measures:

• Optimize stable hygiene and use fly traps in a targeted manner
• Improve pasture management to reduce insect breeding grounds
• Use fly sheets, eczema blankets and fly masks

Active protection methods:

• Use high-quality fly sprays with effective ingredients
• Use natural alternatives such as essential oils or home remedies
• Shower horses regularly to reduce sweat odor

Fly protection is not a one-off issue , but requires continuous adaptation to the season and the specific needs of the horse. If you combine different methods, you can significantly minimize the insect burden and give your horse a stress-free summer.

Fly protection for horses: The most important questions and answers

When does a horse need a fly mask?

A fly mask is particularly useful when flies and other insects are really bothering the horse in the head area . It protects sensitive eyes from irritation and can prevent conjunctivitis. Horses with light or sensitive eyes that are susceptible to sunlight also benefit from a fly mask with UV protection .

When should you give a horse a fly sheet?

A fly sheet is recommended if the horse is sensitive to insects , is exposed to a lot of flies or horseflies , or is bothered by the insects. A fly sheet with a neck part and belly flap is particularly useful if the horse is bitten over a large area. Fly sheets for riding are specially designed for protection while riding.

Why does a horse need a fly sheet?

A fly sheet protects against insect bites , reduces stress and can help prevent skin irritation. Horses with sweet itch or sensitive skin in particular benefit from a tightly woven sheet. It prevents horseflies and mosquitoes from having direct skin contact without causing the horse to overheat.

Why do some horse owners avoid using insect sprays?

Many commercial insect sprays contain chemical active ingredients such as DEET or permethrin, which are effective but not always skin-friendly. Some horses are sensitive to these ingredients. In addition, sprays have to be renewed frequently because they quickly lose their effectiveness due to sweating or rain. This is why many people rely on a combination of mechanical protection (fly masks, blankets) and natural alternatives .

Which fly spray really helps horses?

An effective fly spray should either have a strong repellent effect or specifically keep flies and horseflies away. Sprays with icaridin , pyrethroids or natural oils such as lemongrass or lavender have proven particularly effective. It is important to apply the spray evenly and regularly , as the effect weakens after a while.

Which insect spray is best for horses?

There is no one best spray , as the effectiveness varies depending on the environment, type of horse and type of insect. Products containing icaridin are considered particularly effective and skin-friendly. Those who prefer natural alternatives can use sprays with essential oils or black cumin oil . It is best to test different products and observe how the horse reacts to them.