Groundwork horse: Everything you need to know with exercises to download

What is groundwork?

Definition and origin of groundwork

Groundwork is a very broad term that encompasses many different activities. In short, ground work includes everything you can do with a horse from the ground. But it doesn't just include lead work, lungeing and double lungeing, classic work in hand or the much sought-after free work . 

Importance of groundwork for the horse-human relationship

Ground work already begins when the horse is taken out of the box, tied up and groomed. This is because communication between humans and horses plays a key role in ground work . Together, side by side and at eye level, they face various challenges as a team, which strengthens mutual trust.

At the same time, ground work can also be viewed from an educational perspective , as ground work can be used to work on a harmonious relationship between humans and horses.

Why is groundwork important? 

Groundwork is an essential part of horse training and daily contact with the horse. It offers a multitude of benefits that promote both the relationship between horse and human and the physical and mental condition of the horse. Here are some of the main reasons why groundwork is important:

Improving communication

In ground work, the focus is on clear and precise communication between humans and horses. It is about giving clear signals, both via body language and voice. The human learns to act in a more conscious and disciplined manner, while the horse learns to respondto subtle instructions. This improved communication is of great benefit not only in training, but also in daily handling and in the saddle.

📖 Reading tip : The language of horses - interpreting body language correctly
‍Horses communicate mainly through their body language - but what exactly do ear position, tail movement and muscle tension tell us? Find out in our article how you can better understand your horse and avoid misunderstandings. Read it now!

Strengthening the trust between horse and rider

Regular ground work helps to build a close and trusting relationship. The horse learns to trust its human because it works with him at eye level during ground work. This trust makes it easier to cope with new or stressful situations, whether in the field, when loading or at competitions.

Building obedience and respect

Ground work promotes the horse's obedience and respect for humans. Horses can be introduced to halter and rope work in a playful way from foal age, which creates a good basis for later handling and riding. The horse learns to follow humans and respond to their commands. Most people are familiar with this approach as Foal ABC is known to most people.

📖 Reading tip : All about foals - from birth to yearling
‍Aidinga foal is an exciting and responsible task! In our foal ABC, you can find out everything you need to know about the development, behavior and training of young horses. What milestones does a foal go through? What should you pay particular attention to in the first few months? Find out more now! Read now!

Physical fitness and muscle building

The various types of groundwork such as lunging, pole work, or double lungeing are excellent methods to improve the physical fitness of the horse and to train specific muscle groups. Especially when  training young horses , ground work can be used to work on condition and muscle development, without putting too much strain on the horse.

Mental stimulation and concentration of the horse

Groundwork challenges the horse not only physically, but also mentally. It helps to improve the horse's concentration by teaching it to focus on precise instructions. When problems arise during training, groundwork offers a new perspective to resolve deadlocked situations and develop new approaches.

Stress reduction and calmess

Another advantage of groundwork is stress reduction, especially through serenity training. The horse learns to remain calm in different environments and to trust humans. Regular training from the ground strengthens the horse's composure and helps to stabilise its nerves, which proves to be very valuable in stressful situations.

Preparation for riding

Before riding, certain exercises can be performed from the ground to prepare the horse. Exercises such as stepping over or lateral stepping over poles warm up the back muscles and ensure that the horse is already relaxed before mounting. This is particularly helpful in preventing injuries and preparing the horse optimally for riding.

Better control in difficult situations

Groundwork allows humans to observe their horses from a better perspective and intervene directly if problems arise. Especially in correcting asymmetry or muscular weaknesses, groundwork provides targeted opportunities to assess the horse holistically and address specific deficits that are more challenging to correct under saddle.

Safe handling of the horse in everyday life

Groundwork makes everyday contact with the horse safer and more efficient. The sensitivity for the horse's language is strengthened and the human learns to interpret the animal's needs and reactions better. This experience is also transferred to the horse's behavior under saddle and in daily handling situations. This leads to a stronger bond and a more effective partnership.

Fun and variety for horse and rider

Ground work offers a welcome change to everyday training. It brings joy and motivation for both horse and rider. Different exercises and challenges keep the training varied and ensure that the horse works with more pleasure and commitment. Especially during convalescence or with older horses, ground work can be a useful activity to maintain muscle mass and mobility.

What types of groundwork are there?

In groundwork with horses, there are many different approaches and training methods that can be used to work from the ground. The best known include lungeing, long reining and natural horsemanship. Below, we explain the most important types of ground work and give you practical tips on how to use these methods successfully.

Leading a horse

Leading training is the basis of all groundwork and should also be integrated into daily contact with the horse. It teaches the horse to pay attention to humans, respect their personal space, and respond to commands. Leading the horse in a controlled manner strengthens confidence and improves control over the horse in every situation.

Basic techniques to lead a horse

➡️ Video tip: Simple and safe leading - consistent training for your everyday life!
‍Leadingseems simple, but there's more to it than meets the eye! Horsemanship trainer Ronja Rübelmann shows you how to work consistently with your horse, correct incorrect behavior and which equipment is particularly helpful. Avoid typical mistakes and make your everyday life easier with clear communication

It is important to use clear body language during leading training. You should make sure that the horse always keeps a certain distance from the leader and does not run ahead uncontrollably. The position of the leader should be next to the horse at shoulder height. Changing direction, stopping and moving forward are basic exercises that should be practiced repeatedly. A calm, firm tone of voice helps to guide the horse and build trust.

Lunging

Lunging is one of the most effective methods of gymnasticizing the horse without the rider's weight and improving its balance, position and bending. It is a particularly good way of preparing the horse for work under saddle when training young horses.

Giving the right aids - basics for successful lunge work

➡️ Video tip: Fine aids despite distance - the basics of lunging
‍Effectivecommunication between horse and human is also essential when lunging! Lunging guide Lars Hansen shows how consistent and precise aids work even at a distance. Learn how to direct your horse with subtle signals - a valuable foundation for working in hand and under saddle!

Lunging for gymnastics

➡️ Video tip: Gymnastic training on the lunge line - building strong back and abdominal muscles!
‍Targetedlunge training is a valuable gymnastic tool that is often underestimated. Without the weight of the rider, the horse can move more freely, build up specific muscles and improve its balance. Find out which exercises are particularly effective and how you can integrate them into your training

By lunging for gymnastics, the horse can build up its back muscles. build up its back muscles and improve its mobility. In combination with cavaletti or trotting poles, the lunging work becomes even more varied and challenging. These exercises not only promote muscle strength, but also the horse's condition. The double lunge is an advanced variant that provides lateral aids as well as preparation for work under saddle.

📖 Reading tip : Lunging made easy - lunging horses correctly
‍Lungingis more than just exercise on the lunge line! Find out how to lunge your horse correctly, what equipment you need and how you can improve your horse's gymnastics, balance and coordination through targeted exercises. Read now!

Work in hand

Classical work in hand allows the horse and rider to practice lessons from the ground that will later be needed under saddle. The handler guides the horse at shoulder height and keeps both reins on the inside.

Lateral movements in hand

With classical work in hand lateral movements such as shoulder-in, travers and renvers can be developed. These movements promote the horse's collection and strengthen the hindquarters muscles. The handler supports the horse by giving gentle rein and whip aids, guiding it precisely through the exercises. This is particularly useful for preparing the horse for complex dressage movements.

Long  reining

Long reining is a more demanding form of groundwork in which the human walks diagonally behind the horse and uses longer reins. It requires a lot of skill and fine aids.

Use and advantages of long reining

Long reining offers the horse the opportunity to practise complex movements such as traversals or piaffe without the rider's weight interfering with the movement. This method is often used to work on high dressage schools. The long reins give the rider more indirect control, which forces the horse to take more responsibility. This work promotes both the horse's coordination and collection.

Desensitization Training and Anti-Spooking Training

Desensitization training also known as anti-spooking traing prepares your horse for unexpected or frightening situations. The horse is gradually accustomed to new stimuli and learns to remain calm and composed. Whether it's fluttering tarps, umbrellas, or colorful advertising banners—these things can cause unrest during competitions or trail rides.

➡️ Video tipOh my! Serenity training with your horse
‍Flappingtarpaulins, umbrellas or unexpected obstacles - they can upset any horse. Bernadette Brune shows how targeted fright training ensures greater composure and at the same time strengthens the trust between rider and horse. An exciting insight into her proven training concept!

Exercises for calmness

In calmness exercises, you work with objects such as tarpaulins, plastic bags or exercise balls to get the horse used to unusual stimuli. The aim is to train the horse to remain calm even in stressful situations. You should pay attention to your horse's body language and give it time to process the new stimuli at its own pace. Start with simple objects and increase the level of difficulty as the horse gains more confidence.

➡️ Video tip: Startle training with the youngster - the ideal preparation for riding horses
‍How do youbest prepare young horses for their future as riding horses? Bernadette Brune shows why she starts fright training at an early age and how this makes breaking in easier. An exciting insight into her work with a 3-year-old mare!

Would you like to find out more about serenity training?

📖 Reading tip : Serenity training for horses - how to keep your horse cool
‍Masteringunexpected situations with confidence - that is the aim of calmness training. Find out which methods really help to make your horse more stress-resistant and how to prepare it optimally for new stimuli. Read now!

Liberty work and circensics

Liberty work is an advanced form of ground work in which the horse works together with the human voluntarily and without a physical connection. It follows the commands of the human only through body language and voice. 

Tricks and circus lessons for horses

In circus exercises, horses are playfully taught circus movements such as the Spanish walk, the bow or rearing. These exercises not only promote coordination and balance, but also have gymnastic benefits. Circus training also enhances the horse's trust in humans and makes training more varied.

➡️ Video tip: Visit Lisa Röckener
‍Joinus for a special visit where we learn more about the unique connection between human and horse. Lisa is one of Germany's best-known riders and strives for a deeper, freer connection with her horses. In this video, she explains how she built this special relationship and what free work means to her personally.

Trail and course

Trail training or work in the course is a combination of lead training and calmness exercises, where the horse is guided over various obstacles.

Setting up a training course

A training course consists of various obstacles such as poles, bridges, seesaws or slalom poles. The horse is led through the course and learns to overcome obstacles safely and calmly. This promotes dexterity, coordination and trust-building between man and horse. The course can be adapted according to the horse's level of training in order to gradually introduce it to more complex tasks.

Dual activation

Dual activation is a special form of ground work developed by Michael Geitner and is based on the use of colors to better connect the two halves of the horse's brain.

What is dual activation?

Dual activation uses specially color-coded dual lanes or pylons in yellow and blue to specifically train the horse. This method encourages the horse to use both halves of the brain equally, which promotes coordination and responsiveness. Dual activation is particularly suitable for building mental strength and concentration.

Exercise ideas for dual activation

In this table you will find some ideas for dual activation exercises:

Natural Horsemanship

Natural horsemanship is a method that aims to establish natural and respectful communication between humans and horses. It is based on the natural behavior of the horse and promotes the partnership between the two.

Principles of Natural Horsemanship

Natural horsemanship places great emphasis on body language and non-verbal communication. Well-known techniques such as the Join-Up or loading training are based on educating the horse using gentle methods. Trainers such as Pat Parelli and Monty Roberts have popularized this method by building the horse's trust through positive reinforcement. The idea is not to force the horse but to guide it through understanding and cooperation.

Teachers and their exercises

The focus is on understanding the instincts and behavior of horses to build a harmonious and trusting partnership. Here are some of the best-known masters of natural horsemanship and their training methods:

Monty Roberts - Join-Up Method

Monty Roberts, also known as "the horse whisperer", is one of the best-known representatives of natural horsemanship. His training methods are based on communication via body language, similar to the behavior of horses in the wild. His most famous method is the Join-Up.

Join-Up Method:

The aim of the Join-Up is for the horse to seek out the company of humans of its own accord and join them voluntarily. The horse is released in a separate area, often a round pen and the human communicates with it using body signals. The horse is kept moving until it shows signs of willingness to submit, e.g. by snorting, lowering its head, or licking its lips. The human then turns his back to the horse, allowing the horse to join him.

Monty Roberts emphasizes that this method is voluntary and that the horse is not forced. The Join-Up strengthens the trust between the human and the horse, and the horse learns to join and follow the human without any physical pressure being exerted.

Pat Parelli - The 7 Games

Pat Parelli has developed a comprehensive training philosophy that he calls "Parelli Natural Horsemanship". His method is based on step-by-step communication between humans and horses through a series of exercises that he calls the "7 games".

The 7 games of Pat Parelli:

These games are exercises designed to reinforce the basics of communication and leadership with horses:

1. Friendly Game: This is about teaching the horse to trust humans by stroking and relaxing it so that it is not afraid of being touched or handled by humans.
2. Porcupine Game: This game aims to get the horse to give way to pressure (e.g. touching the shoulders to make it move backwards) by applying light but increasing pressure.
3. Driving game: In the driving game, the horse learns to react to non-verbal body signals and to move without being touched directly. It is moved by energy and presence.
4. Yo-Yo Game: This involves directing the horse forwards and backwards with minimal signals via the rope, which improves the horse's reaction and sensitivity.
5. Circling game (circling): The horse moves in a circle around the human, similar to lunging, but with more focus on communication through body language.
6. Sideways Game: The horse is encouraged to go sideways, which improves understanding of lateral movement and control of the movement.
7. Squeeze Game: The horse learns to walk through narrow spaces or jump over obstacles to develop its confidence and dexterity.

Parelli's method promotes the psychological and physical development of the horse and creates clear communication between man and horse, characterized by trust.

Buck Brannaman - Groundwork as a basis

Buck Brannaman is another leading exponent of Natural Horsemanship who bases his training methods on trust, respect, and patience. He believes that groundwork is the foundation for any successful relationship between man and horse.

Groundwork according to Buck Brannaman:

Brannaman's approach emphasizes that the horse should learn from the ground to follow humans and respect their movements before being ridden. He places great emphasis on gentle rein aids, clear body language, and the timing of signals. His philosophy is based on the idea that the horse gains confidence through continuous, calm communication and that the human takes the lead without exerting pressure.

Brannaman teaches that the horse should not be trained through coercion but through understanding and cooperation. Through groundwork, the horse learns to respond to subtle cues, which is useful both in the saddle and in everyday handling.

Klaus Ferdinand Hempfling - Communication at eye level

Klaus Ferdinand Hempfling is a well-known horse trainer in Germany who is known for his emphatic body language and respectful treatment of horses. His methods are strongly based on natural herd communication and the energy of humans.

Communication through body language:

Hempfling teaches that humans, like a lead horse in a herd, should send clear signals through their posture, direction of gaze, and energy. He often dispenses with aids such as halters and ropes and instead works towards free communication between humans and horses. Horses follow humans out of trust and respect, not out of fear.

Hempfling's concept of physical presence, in which humans learn to control their movements and posture to communicate with the horse on an energetic level, is particularly well known. This not only promotes understanding of the horse but also the human's ability to correctly interpret the horse's body language.

Linda Tellington-Jones - TTouch Method

Linda Tellington-Jones developed the TTouch method, which takes a holistic approach to working with horses. Her method combines physical work(Tellington Touch) with mental training and behavioral manipulation to promote trust and cooperation between horse and human.

TTouch and groundwork:

The TTouch method consists of gentle touches and manipulations designed to promote the horse's well-being. These touches are not only intended to release physical tension but also to reduce emotional blockages and help the horse relax and concentrate in a new way.

In addition, to touch, Tellington-Jones' approach includes a range of groundwork exercises designed to help the horse develop confidence, balance, and body awareness. The labyrinth course, in which the horse is led through a narrow maze of poles to improve its coordination and concentration, is particularly well-known.

Groundwork at tournaments and events

Groundwork is not only used in daily training but is also increasingly being used at competitions and events. Here, the horse's abilities and the relationship between human and horse are tested in terms of composure, obedience, and precision. These tests are an excellent opportunity to present the results of groundwork and to demonstrate the trust and communication skills between horses and humans.

Calmness tests (GHP)

The calmness test (GHP) is a special type of test in which the horse's nerves and reliability are tested. It takes place on a special course consisting of various stations that can be potentially frightening or unfamiliar for the horse.

Procedure for a calmess test (GHP)

During a GHP, the horse is given various tasks to complete calmly and calmly. Typical obstacles and challenges include

• Tarps that the horse must walk over.
• Flapping ribbons or umbrellas that it has to pass.
• Noise sources such as rattling buckets or rattles that have to be endured.
• Obstacles such as bridges or seesaws that it has to cross calmly.

The horse is usually led by the hand during the test and is assessed on how calmly and composed it masters these challenges. A good composure test shows that the horse has confidence in its handler and can remain calm even under stressful conditions. These tests are particularly popular with leisure riders, as they show that the horse is also safe in the field and everyday life.

Objectives of the calmness test

The main aim of the calmness test is to demonstrate a confident and safe horse that remains calm even in unusual situations. For many horse owners, such tests are a valuable opportunity to test daily groundwork and anti-spooking training in a formal setting. GHPs are also good preparation for everyday life, as they get the horse used to different stimuli and stressors.

Showmanship at Halter

Showmanship at Halter is a discipline from the western ridingwhich is particularly popular in the USA, but is also represented internationally at many horse shows. It is a discipline in which the horse is presented from the ground. The focus here is not only on the horse's conformation, but also on the way in which the handler presents and controls the horse.

Procedure and requirements

In the Showmanship at Halter discipline, the horse is shown on a halter and the focus is on how well the handler controls the horse in the ring. The typical requirements include:

• Precise turns: The horse must respond precisely to the handler's command, especially when turning on the hindquarters or forehand.
• Stopping and reversing: The horse must react precisely when stopping and reversing.
• Perfect presentation at walk and trot: The horse should walk and trot at a steady pace, always paying attention to the handler.
• Stance and conformation assessment: The horse is assessed for its conformation, whereby the handler must ensure that it is presented in the best possible way when standing.

Evaluation criteria

The judging in Showmanship at Halter focuses on:

• Guidance and control of the horse by humans.
• Precision in commands and turns.
• Trust and cooperation between horse and handler.
• The appearance and presentation of the horse, which must be clean and well-groomed.

This discipline requires a high degree of body language and communication between human and horse, similar to general groundwork. The human must use subtle signals to guide the horse and show it to its best advantage.

Cirzensik in the show area

Originating from the circus, circus tricks have now also become established in equestrian sport and are performed at shows and events. Circus lessons consist of elegant, impressive movements and tricks that not only require a high level of coordination from the horse but also demonstrate a particularly close connection between human and horse.

Typical circus exercises for shows

The circus exercises that are often performed at shows include:

• Bow: The horse bends one front leg and kneels elegantly on the other side.
• Spanish walk: The horse lifts its front legs alternately in a high, expressive movement.
• Rearing: The horse rises up on its hind legs, a particularly impressive lesson.
• Mountain goat: The horse places its front legs on a raised platform and remains there.
• Plié: A deep bow in which the horse bends its front legs and lowers its head.

Significance of circus technique in shows

In the show arena, circensics demonstrates the horse's willingness and trust in its human. These lessons require a lot of training, patience and good physical condition on the part of the horse. It is not just about performing tricks, but also about demonstrating the connection and harmony between horse and human.

Circus in shows are particularly popular as they engage the audience while showcasing the horse's abilities elegantly and artistically. It provides a platform to demonstrate the horse's gymnastics, coordination, and confidence.

What do I need for groundwork? - Accessories and equipment

No expensive equipment is required for ground work with your horse, but some essential aids are indispensable for working safely and effectively. In addition to safety, comfort for you and your horse is also a priority. Here is a detailed overview of the necessary equipment:

Which halter is suitable?

There are various halters for ground work, which can be selected depending on the training method and horse. The two most common types are the knotted halter and the cavesson.

The knotted halter

The knotted halter is usually made of thin rope and is specially designed for ground work and natural horsemanship. It fits closer to the horse's head and transmits signals more directly through the knots than an ordinary stable halter.

• Advantages: Thanks to the targeted pressure points on sensitive areas of the horse's head, the horse will react more quickly to your signals. The knotted halter helps to give clear and subtle signals, especially when leading and lunging.
• Use: It is particularly suitable for gentle corrections and refining the communication between you and your horse. However, as the knotted halter does not have a fixed noseband, it should not be used for strong corrections or with very young or sensitive horses.

The Cavesson

A cavesson is a versatile tool that is used particularly in lunging and classical work in hand. It consists of a fixed noseband to which the lunge line is attached without exerting pressure on the bit.

• Advantages: The cavesson enables precise guidance and control without affecting the sensitive area of the horse's mouth. It is particularly helpful for working the horse in the correct position and bending without straining it.
• Use: The cavesson is ideal for lunging work, but also for work in hand or with long reins. Thanks to the sturdy noseband, finer aids can be given and the horse can be exercised without the rider's weight.

Lunges and ground work ropes

In addition to the right halter, the choice of lunge line or groundwork rope is crucial for safe and effective groundwork.

Difference between ground work rope and lunge

• Groundwork rope: A groundwork rope is shorter and thicker than a lunge line, usually between 3 and 4 meters long. It is used for lead work, natural horsemanship and for practicing trust and respect. The rope is usually heavier and fits well in the hand, which allows you to swing it in a targeted manner or use it as an extended arm.
• Lunge line: The lunge line is longer, usually between 7 and 10 meters, and is used for lunging. It gives you enough scope to lead the horse in a larger circle around you. The lunge line is attached either to a cavesson or directly to the bit and is used for gymnastics and to building up muscles.

Further aids

In addition to the halter, rope and lunge line, there are a few other aids that are helpful for ground work:

Ground work stick

The groundwork stick, also known as a horsemanship stick, serves as an extended arm and enables you to lead or direct the horse from a distance. It is more stable than a normal whip and is mainly used in natural horsemanship and lead work.

Use: You can use the stick to gently direct the horse or make corrections without touching it directly. It can also be used to guide the horse through certain exercises such as lateral movements or backing up. The stick should always be used as a communication tool and not as a punishment tool.

Gloves

Gloves are an essential safety accessory for groundwork. They protect you from burns or injuries if your horse suddenly jumps away and you have to hold the rope or lunge line.

Material: The gloves should be made of a non-slip material that also offers sufficient protection.  Sturdy but flexible models that still allow you enough dexterity to work finely with the rope or lunge are ideal.

Treats as motivation

Treats can be a helpful way of motivating and rewarding your horse during groundwork. However, they should be used with caution so as not to make the horse pushy or impatient.

Use: Use treats to reinforce positive behavior, especially during learning phases or serenity training. After a successful exercise, they can reassure the horse and motivate it to continue working attentively. Make sure you always give treats in a targeted and controlled manner so as not to encourage any undesirable behavior patterns.

Groundwork for beginners - first steps

Now you are equipped with all the basics of groundwork. But how can you get started with groundwork? To make your first steps in groundwork successful, we will first introduce you to the learning behavior of horses. We will then give you three basic exercises to help you get started and help your horse to develop trust and respect.

Understanding the learning behavior of horses

Horses are prey animals and react instinctively to threats by fleeing. This behavior is deeply rooted in them, which is why they can quickly become nervous in new or unfamiliar situations. At the same time, horses tend to always choose the path of least resistance. You can take advantage of this behavior in groundwork by giving clear and gentle signals that show the horse an easy path to a solution.

• Experience: Horses learn through experience. Slowly introducing your horse to new tasks and situations strengthens its confidence.
• Repetition: Routine is crucial. Regular practice helps your horse to engage better with the tasks and consolidate what it has learned.
• Short training sessions: Horses have a concentration span of around seven minutes. Therefore, carry out the exercises in short, focused units and give your horse breaks so as not to overstrain it.
• Inner motivation: Positive reinforcement - in the form of praise, stroking or treats - motivates your horse to be happy and committed to the work.

Basics of groundwork - 3 simple exercises

➡️ Video tip: Becoming a team - getting ground work right from the start!
‍How doI get my horse to trust me and follow my lead? In this video, Bernadette Brune shows the first important exercises in ground work and explains why clear body language and consistent training are the key to a harmonious partnership.

The right body language is particularly important to send clear signals. Bernadette explains step by step how to make your horse more attentive and relaxed - the perfect complement to the following exercises.

Stop and Go

This exercise trains the horse to react and to pay attention to you.

• Procedure: Walk alongside your horse at a calm pace. When you stop, the horse should also stop. If you continue walking, the horse must also start again. In the beginning, you can also use voice signals to support the behavior.
• Goal: Your horse learns to react to subtle movement impulses and your body language. You can gradually shorten the intervals between stopping and starting to sharpen the horse's attention.

Reversing

Reversing is a demanding exercise that promotes the horse's concentration and coordination.

• Procedure: Stand in front of your horse and give the command to walk backwards by pressing lightly on the halter or using your body language. Start with one or two steps and gradually increase the number of steps.
• Tip: As walking backwards is particularly strenuous for horses, you should build up the exercise in small steps and praise your horse lavishly for every step forward.

Keep Distance

This exercise is an important step towards liberty work with your horse, where you work without a physical connection.

• Procedure: Start by repeating the simple exercises such as stop and go, backing up and side-stepping at some distance from you. As soon as your horse has mastered these exercises, you can let go of the lead and let him work from a distance.
• Aim: The horse learns to pay attention to your body language and signals, even if there is no direct connection through a rope. This exercise is the transition to liberty work.

Avoid common mistakes

For groundwork to be effective, you should avoid a few common mistakes:

1. Training sessions that are too long: Horses only have a short concentration span. Keep the training sessions short and focused to avoid overstraining them.
2. Unclear signals: Make sure you always give clear and consistent signals. Horses need clear guidance in order to perform the exercises correctly.
3. Lack of patience: Horses learn at their own pace. Be patient and give your horse the time it needs to understand and perform the exercises.
4. Lack of reward: Don't forget to praise your horse for every successful exercise. Positive reinforcement through praise and rewards motivates the horse to continue working attentively and with concentration.

With these first steps in groundwork, you will lay a solid foundation for the further training of your horse. Patience, clarity and positive reinforcement are the keys to building a trusting and harmonious relationship with your horse.

Advanced groundwork - mastering new challenges

Once the basics of groundwork have been consolidated, advanced exercises can be introduced that not only promote the horse's physical development but also strengthen mental concentration and deepen the connection between horse and rider. The focus here is on gymnastics, collection and liberty work without a physical connection.

Complex lessons for experienced horses and riders

Advanced riders and horses can work with more complex lessons that place greater demands on coordination, balance and obedience. These lessons are particularly valuable for horses that want to progress in dressage or improve their general suppleness and strength. 

Examples of complex lessons:

Sideways movements (travers/shoulder in) from the ground

• Description: Teach your horse to move sideways by giving lateral aids from the ground. You can lead it by hand at first and later go to a greater distance.
• Aim: Lateral movements promote suppleness and mobility in your horse. This exercise also helps to specifically control the hindquarters

Target training for precise positioning

• Description: Teach your horse to aim precisely at a specific point (e.g. placing a hoof on a small target or mat). You can perform this exercise with different parts of the body, such as the hoof, nose or shoulder.
• Aim: This exercise improves your horse's precision and body awareness and trains his ability to position himself accurately.

Liberty work in different gaits and figures

• Description: Work with your horse in liberty work (without a rope or lead rope) and guide it through different gaits, changes of pace and figures such as figure eights, volts or serpentines.
• Aim: This exercise strengthens the connection and trust between you and your horse. Your horse learns to pay attention to your body language and signals without direct contact.

Long reining for advanced riders

Long reining is a demanding form of groundwork that requires particularly fine rein aids and precise communication between human and horse. It is ideal for advanced riders who want to train their horse to a high level.

• Aim of long reining: This method promotes the horse's collection and allows the rider to guide the horse from behind without the influence of the rider's weight. Piaffe, passage and canter changes can be worked on particularly well using the long reins.
• Advantages: As the rider stands behind the horse, the horse is given the opportunity to move freely and still respond to the fine rein aids. This encourages the horse to take responsibility for itself, as it has to carry itself without being stabilized by the rider.
• Requirements: Long reining requires precise knowledge of the rein aids and good control of the horse, as you have less direct influence on the horse's movements. It is therefore particularly suitable for advanced riders and horses that are already well-gymnastized and collected.

Liberty work with challenging exercises

Liberty work is the pinnacle of groundwork and requires a high level of trust, respect, and connection between humans and horses. In liberty work, the horse works without a halter or rope and follows the human's body signals.

Challenging exercises in liberty work:

• Circling without a rope: The horse is led around the human, with the human directing the horse only through his body language and position. This exercise requires a high level of concentration and trust on the part of the horse.
• Reversing at a distance: This exercise trains the horse's ability to rely on signals from humans, even from a distance. Reversing at a distance promotes the horse's self-discipline and obedience.
• Complex lateral movements: Lateral movements or traversals can also be practiced in liberty work, whereby the horse only reacts to visual and acoustic signals.

Goals of liberty work:

Liberty work promotes the horse's willingness and strengthens the relationship between horse and rider. The horse learns to react to the slightest aids without physical guidance and is therefore mentally challenged. At the same time, it develops a high level of concentration and remains focused on the rider throughout the work.

Free download: 11 groundwork exercises for your horse

In our PDF you will find 11 detailed ground work exercises for your horse that will help you to build confidence, strengthen the musculature strengthen your horse's muscles and work specifically on gymnastic training. These exercises are ideal for beginners to advanced riders who want to deepen their groundwork and can be individually adapted to your horse's training.

Whether you are looking for ground work exercises to specifically muscle development or a training plan for daily handling - our PDF offers you step-by-step instructions and helpful tips. The exercises are ideal for daily training as well as for specific goals such as building confidence and improving physical fitness.

Download the PDF and optimize your training with these effective ground work exercises for your horse!

Tips and advice from groundwork experts

Experienced trainers and groundwork experts offer valuable insights into how you can improve communication with your horse, build trust and encourage it through targeted exercises in groundwork. Here we introduce you to some of the best-known experts and show you what you can learn from them.

Bernd Hackl - Trust and respect through natural horsemanship

➡️ Video tipGuest of Bernd Hackl
Horsemanship expert Bernd Hackl shows how essential ground work is for clear communication and a harmonious horse-human relationship. In this video, he explains in a practical way how to strengthen respect and trust through consistent but fair training - the perfect basis for any further work with the horse!

Bernd Hackl, known from the TV series "Die Pferdeprofis", is an expert in the field of natural horsemanship. His philosophy is based on communication through body language and building trust and respect between humans and horses. Bernd Hackl repeatedly emphasizes that horses do not learn through pressure but through understanding and patience.

• Main focus: Building trust, clear communication via body language, training without coercion
• Tip from Bernd Hackl: "Give your horse time to understand the exercises. Patience is the most important tool for fostering trust and respect." For Hackl, it is crucial to read the horse in every training situation and interpret its reactions correctly.

Luuk Teunissen - Fine communication and precision

Luuk Teunissen is known for his work in classical ground work and his high precision in communicating with horses. He attaches great importance to the finest aids and precise, clear body language to guide the horse. His work shows that horses are able to react to even the smallest signals if they are trained accordingly.

• Main focus: Fine aids, precision in groundwork, harmony between human and horse
• Tip from Luuk Teunissen: "It's the small, almost invisible signals that make the difference. Learn to work with minimal aids and keep your horse's attention." Teunissen recommends focusing on the little things and always striving for precise execution of the lessons.

➡️ Video tip: Afraid of water? How to get your horse used to the water ditch!
‍Somehorses have great respect for water ditches - but with the right approach, you can take away their fear! In the ClipMyHorse.TV Academy, Luuk Teunissen shows how he helps a young horse to gain confidence in the water obstacle. Step by step, with patience and targeted training

Bernadette Brune - Dressage work and groundwork for balance and posture

➡️ Video tip: Breaking in with Bernadette Brune - making it child's play!Good preparation is the be-all and end-all when breaking in young horses! Bernadette Brune shows how she prepares her young horses for their future task under saddle with calm, patience and clear communication. Find out which first steps are crucial and how to make breaking in a positive experience for horse and rider!

Bernadette Brune is a successful dressage rider who specifically integrates the benefits of groundwork into dressage training. She attaches great importance to the horse's balance and posture in order to promote correct posture. Through groundwork, she creates a foundation that pays off later in dressage work under saddle.

• Main focus: Combining dressage and groundwork, promoting balance and posture, collection and gymnastics
• Tip from Bernadette Brune: "Good balance and correct posture starts on the ground. Use groundwork to prepare your horse for work in the saddle." She recommends working regularly with lateral movements and collection exercises from the ground to make the horse supple and strong.

Groundwork: Summarized

Groundwork is a versatile and essential method for strengthening the relationship between humans and horses. It not only promotes trust and obedience but also the physical and mental fitness of the horse. Targeted exercises such as lead training, lunging, or serenity training improve communication and the horse learns to respond to subtle signals. Groundwork provides an excellent basis for harmonious interaction, which is a great advantage both in daily handling and when riding. Whether for young or old horses - groundwork can be individually adapted and remains an important part of horse training. It provides variety in training and prepares the horse optimally for new challenges, leading to a safe, calm, and efficient partner in the long term.

Groundwork with horses: The most important questions and answers

Is groundwork suitable for every horse?

Yes, groundwork is basically suitable for every horse, regardless of breed, age or training level. It offers a versatile way to promote communication, trust and gymnastic training. Whether young horse or senior, the exercises can be individually adapted so that every horse can benefit.

How long should a training session last?

A training session in groundwork should ideally last between 20 and 30 minutes. Horses have a limited concentration span, about 7 minutes at a time. It therefore makes sense to break up the exercises into short sections with breaks so as not to overtax the horse.

Can I also do groundwork with an old horse?

Yes, groundwork is also excellent for older horses. It helps to maintain mobility, muscle strength and joint function without putting the rider's weight on the horse. Gentle exercises such as lead training, stretching and light gymnastics are particularly beneficial and beneficial for older horses.

Which aids are necessary?

You will need the following basic tools for groundwork:

• Knotted halter or stable halter
• Groundwork rope (approx. 3-4 meters long)
• Groundwork stick or whip
• Lunge or double lunge (depending on the training) Additionally cavalettipylons or poles can be used to make the training more varied.

How do I start with a young horse?

You should start slowly and carefully with a young horse so as not to overtax it. First you should get it used to lead training so that it learns to pay attention to your body language and signals.

Exercises such as stop and go, backing up and keeping your distance are good introductory exercises. It is important to work in short units and to praise the horse for every positive reaction.

Why does my horse put his ears back when I work on the ground?

If your horse puts its ears back during groundwork, this can be a sign of discomfort, frustration, or insecurity. Check your body language and aids to make sure you are not sending unclear or overly harsh signals. It could also be that the horse is overwhelmed with the exercise or is in pain.

It is also important to take a differentiated look at the horse's body language. Are you possibly standing behind the horse or to the side? In such cases, the horse may be pointing its ears backwards to listen to you better and just look like it is putting its ears back. Observe the horse's body language as a whole to better assess the situation.

If the behavior occurs frequently, it could also indicate that the horse has physical problems. In this case, it is advisable to observe the horse closely and consult a vet or physiotherapist if necessary.

FAQs on ground work with horses

How often ground work with a horse?

The frequency of ground work depends on the horse's level of training, age and individual needs. For young or inexperienced horses, two to three sessions per week are ideal. Advanced horses also benefit from daily ground work if it is specifically integrated into the training.

What can I do with my horse during ground work?

Ground work offers numerous opportunities to improve communication and trust between humans and horses. These include

• Leading exercises (e.g. stopping, backing up, moving sideways)
• Lunging and circuit training
• Free work (e.g. working without halter and rope)
• Calmness training (e.g. tarpaulin, umbrella, pole work)
• Gymnastic exercises (e.g. cavaletti, lateral movements)

How long ground work with a horse?

The duration of the session should be based on the horse's ability to concentrate and fitness. An effective training session lasts between 20 and 45 minutes. Young or inexperienced horses should start with short sessions of 10-20 minutes to avoid overstraining them.

Why ground work with a horse?

Ground work has many advantages:

• Promotes trust and respect between humans and horses
• Improves communication through subtle signals
• Exercises the horse and promotes mobility
• Creates a secure basis for riding and everyday life

What can you do with the horse during ground work?

In addition to classic leading exercises and lunging, there are many creative possibilities:

• Target training (horse learns to follow certain objects)
• Working with poles or pylons
• Double lunge for advanced horses
• Free work to strengthen the bond

How can I build trust in my horse with ground work?

Trust is built through clear communication, patience and consistency. Important factors are:

• Using body language consciously
• Stay calm and composed, even if the horse hesitates
• Targeted use of praise and rewards
• Set small, achievable tasks and celebrate successes

What is ground work for horses?

Ground work includes all exercises that promote cooperation between humans and horses on the ground. This includes

• Basic obedience (leading, stopping, backing up)
• Work in hand and on the lunge line
• Coordination and gymnastics exercises
• Confidence building and serenity training

How do I start ground work with my horse?

To get started with ground work, you should:

1. Choose a quiet training area
2. Use clear signals and clear body language
3. Start with simple leading exercises (e.g. stop on signal)
4. Stay patient and consistent

How does ground work with a horse work?

Ground work is based on non-verbal communication, in which your body language, voice and subtle aids guide the horse. Through clear signals, the horse learns to react to your impulses and to follow your lead.

What does ground work mean for horses?

Ground work describes all training methods without riding that prepare the horse for fine communication with humans and strengthen the relationship.

Why do you do ground work with a horse?

Ground work is a foundation for good riding. It promotes obedience, composure and agility and is particularly important for young or insecure horses.

How can I send my horse backwards during ground work?

Reversing can be trained using the following methods:

• Apply light pressure to the horse (e.g. gentle pull on the halter or gentle impulses on the chest)
• Use body language (e.g. take a step forward yourself and raise your hand as a signal)
• Use your voice (e.g. establish "back" as a command)
• Praise as soon as the horse shows correct movement

With regular practice, your horse will learn to understand fine aids and walk backwards in a relaxed manner.